Limestone is calcareous sedimentary rocks formed at the bottom of lakes and seas with the accumulation of shells, bones and other calcium rich goods. It is composed of calcite (CaCO3). The organic matter upon which it settles in lakes or seas, are preserved as fossils. Over thousands and millions of years, layer after layer is built up adding weight. The heat and pressure causes chemical reaction at the bottom and the sediments turn into solid stone, the limestone.
The rock which contain more than 95% of calcium carbonate is known as high-calcium limestone. Recrystallised limestone takes good polish and is usually used as decorative and building stone.
A part of calcium molecules if being replaced by magnesium, it is known as magnesium lime stone or dolomite limestone.
Limestone that will take a polish are considered marbles by most people, but technically, if there are still shells visible or the structure is not crystalline, it is still a limestone.
Physical Properties of Limestone Hardness 3 to 4 on Moh's Scale Density 2.5 to 2.65 Kg/m3 Compressive Strength 1800 to 2100 Kg/cm2 Water Absorption Less than 1% Porosity Quite low Weather Impact Resistant Chemical Properties of Limestone Lime (CaO) 38-42% Silica (SiO2) 20-25% Alumina (Al2O3) 2-4% Other Oxides like Na, Mg 1.5 to 2.5% Loss On Ignition (LOI) 30-32% Note :- Limestone, like marble and other calcareous stones, are referred to as acid sensitive. Calcareous stones are readily dissolved in acid, therefore acidic products should not be used on limestone and marbles.
Uses of Limestone Flooring Wall cladding Vanity tops Furniture Cement Production Refining Metals Blackboard chalk Ocurrances of Limestone Texas Lampasas River area India Khasi, Jayantia and Garo Hills of Meghalaya Satna limstone belt, Madhya Pradesh United Kingdom United Kingdom Alston, Cumbria Stockfield, Northumberland Doncaster, South Yorkshire Moelfre, Gwynedd Ancaster, Lincolnshire Lincoln, Lincolnshire Oakham, Leicestershire Peterborough, Northamptonshire Grantham, Lincolnshire Stamford, Lincolnshire Linby, Nottinghamshire New Zealand Airedale Road Weston.
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